You likely pet your dog more than anyone else, and that show of affection can also be beneficial for detecting health issues. Feeling around your pup’s body can help you determine if your dog has swollen lymph nodes, which can indicate an underlying illness. We spoke with Dr. Aliya McCullough, Fetch's on-staff veterinarian, to learn more about what causes swollen lymph nodes in dogs, along with treatment options and more.
Lymph nodes are part of a dog's lymphatic system, which is responsible for removing excess fluids from their bodies and creating white blood cells that support their immune systems. Dogs have several lymph nodes throughout their bodies that are peripheral (which means under the skin) and deep within their chest or abdomen, Dr. McCullough explains.
It’s normal for pet parents to be unable to feel peripheral lymph nodes, she adds. However, you may be able to feel lymph nodes in dogs’ lower jaws and neck area (which could be confused with salivary glands, which are under their jaw and can also swell) or on the back of dogs’ knees.
The size of a dog's lymph nodes depends on where they are located in the body and the size of your pup. Therefore, it's a good idea to be aware of what's normal for your dog, so you'll know when their lymph nodes might be swollen and can contact your vet as soon as possible. “Swollen lymph nodes are typically enlarged and firmer than normal,” Dr. McCullough says.
Veterinarians will usually diagnose swollen lymph nodes in dogs by taking a sample of cells from the affected area and reviewing them under a microscope, Dr. McCullough explains. Veterinarians are looking at signs of infection or cancer.
“In some cases, additional diagnostics, such as lab work, X-rays, ultrasounds and/or a CT [CAT scan], are needed to diagnose the cause of the swollen lymph nodes,” she adds.
According to Dr. McCullough, a dog’s swollen lymph nodes can be caused by a variety of issues, including:
Treatment of swollen lymph nodes depends on the root cause, Dr. McCullough says. Typically, swollen lymph nodes caused by infection are treated with vet-prescribed antibiotics or antiparasitic or antifungal medication. Lymphoma is usually treated with chemotherapy, she adds.
Similar to the treatment options, the amount of time it takes a dog to recover from swollen lymph nodes depends on the cause, your pup’s reaction to the recommended treatment and the severity, Dr. McCullough shares.
There aren’t any home remedies for swollen lymph nodes in dogs, but there are some ways to make your pup feel comfortable while they’re recovering.
“Pet parents should be sure to follow their veterinarian’s instructions,” Dr. McCullough says. “In some cases, anti-inflammatory pain medications, medications for an upset stomach or sedatives are needed to help dogs feel more comfortable.”
It's impossible to predict swollen lymph nodes (or any other illness), which is why we recommend enrolling in a dog insurance plan with comprehensive coverage early. That way, you'll have peace of mind knowing that you can focus on your pet's treatment plan without stressing about vet bills.
The Dig, Fetch Pet Insurance's expert-backed editorial, answers all of the questions you forget to ask your vet or are too embarrassed to ask at the dog park. We help make sure you and your best friend have more good days, but we’re there on bad days, too.
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